Cardiovascular Physiology

Heart rate is 70 beats/min and stroke volume is 70 mL. What is the cardiac output?

1. 140 mL/min
2. 49 L/min
3. About 4.9 L/min
4. 1 L/min

What is a normal resting cardiac output in an adult?

1. About 1 L/min
2. About 500 mL/min
3. About 5 L/min
4. About 15 L/min

End-diastolic volume is 120 mL and end-systolic volume is 50 mL. What is the stroke volume?

1. 50 mL
2. 70 mL
3. 2.4 mL
4. 170 mL

With an EDV of 120 mL and a stroke volume of 70 mL, what is the ejection fraction?

1. About 70%
2. About 120%
3. About 42%
4. About 58%

What is a normal left ventricular ejection fraction?

1. About 10 to 20%
2. About 55 to 70%
3. About 30%
4. About 90 to 100%

The Frank-Starling law states that:

1. Heart rate is fixed
2. Stroke volume falls as filling rises
3. The more the ventricle is stretched by filling, the more forcefully it contracts
4. The heart cannot change its output

Preload refers to:

1. The pressure in the aorta
2. The heart rate
3. The degree of ventricular filling before contraction (end-diastolic volume)
4. The resistance of the arterioles